Population, sample, subject

Three important terms for you to know in experimental design are the subject/individual, the sample and the population.

Population refers to every individual of interest. The sample refers to only some of the individuals of interest. When you quantify a given variable in an entire population that is called a census. Any statistic based on an entire population is called “point stimate”.

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Replication

In experimental design, replication refers to the number of independent individuals in a control or treatment upon which you test your hypothesis. Replication is a critical element in experimental design because it determines the robustness of your conclusion.

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